
The Anti-Colonial African Leader I'm researching is Nelson Mandela. Nelson Rolihlahla Mandela was born in Transkei,South Africa on July 18,1918 in a village located in Mvezo in Qunu to a royal Tembu Xhosa-speaking family. He was 1 of 13 children and one out of four boys of his father's four wives.His father was chief Henry Mandela of the Tembu tribe. At age nine Nelson's dad died and his uncle, the head of the tribe became Mandela's guardian. Nelson is the 1st of his family to go to school. He began his education at age seven at a Methodist missionary school. That's where he was given the name Nelson. He continued his education at Clarkebury School and then at the all-British Healdtown High school. Mandela attended a strict Methodist college where he first heard of the African National Congress (ANC). While achieving his bachelor of arts degree, Mandela was expelled for participating in a student strike.
When Mandela was 23 he moved to Soweto on the southwestern outskirts of Johannesburg to avoid an arranged marriage. In 1941 he meets an active member from ANC(Walter Sisulu)who recommended Mandela for employment with a layer in Johannesburg. In 1442 he joined the ANC where he founded the ANC Youth League. During that year Mandela married his first wife, Evelyn Mase, a trainee nurse. The couple had 2 sons and 2 daughters. In 1947 Mandela was elected for Secretary of the Youth League. In 1948 his first daughter died at the age of nine months. The National Party is voted into power by the white electorate. The party has campaigned on the promise to introduce a system of "apartheid" to totally separate the races. Later that year Mandela said""I despised them. ... They dressed in beautiful suits, silk shirts and silk ties, but they were like a grave - beautiful outside and full of evil inside. That's why I despised them. That's why I fought them."
In February the ANC calls on the government to repeal all unjust laws or face a 'Campaign for the Defiance of Unjust Laws'. Mandela was placed in charge of volunteers for the campaign. The government reacted by introducing harsher penalties for protests. Campign leaders and newspapers were banned and about 8,500 people were arrested including Mendela. Whiled banned he makes a plan to break down ANC branches into underground cells. In 1957 he met a social worker named Nomzamo Zaniewe Winifred "Winnie" Madikizela. He divorced his first wife and married Winnie in 1958. The couple had two daughters. In January 1962 Mandela left South Africa illegally to attend a freedom conferences in Algeria. In July he was arrested for leaving the country illegally. He was arrested for five years. In July 1963, while Mandela was in prison, police raid an ANC safehouse.
In 1964 Mandela and Sisulu were convicted. Mandela was found guilty of four charges of sabotage. He was sentenced to life imprisonment. The prisoners were kept in tiny cells measuring about two square meters and with only one small barred window. They slept on the floor on straw mats and had to use a bucket for a toilet. Nelson Mandela was released on February 11,1990. Mandela was 71 years old when he was released from prison.
I think that Nelson Mandlea was a true leader. He spoke up when their were things he disagreed on. He took action on things that some people would of never did. He fought but without th violence. I've learned a lot about Mandela that I've never knew before. Before this research I only knew that he was sentenced to life in prison....This research was very interesting.
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